We assess every substance against its Safety Data Sheet — not a generic template. Common substances in nail technician COSHH programmes include:
Acrylic System
Acrylic Monomer (EMA/MMA)
Liquid monomer used in acrylic nail systems. Ethyl methacrylate (EMA) is the most common — a classified skin and respiratory sensitiser. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is banned in professional nail products in some jurisdictions and must be identified if present.
Typical hazards: Skin sensitiser Cat.1, Respiratory sensitiser Cat.1, Flammable liquid Cat.2, STOT RE
Solvent
Acetone (Nail Polish Remover)
Primary solvent used for gel and acrylic removal. Highly flammable — DSEAR 2002 considerations apply. WEL listed in EH40 (500 ppm TWA / 1500 ppm STEL). Ventilation controls are required when used in volume.
Typical hazards: Flammable liquid Cat.2, Eye irritation Cat.2, STOT SE 3 (H336)
Gel System
UV/LED Gel Monomers (HEMA)
2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is the most prevalent sensitiser in gel nail products. Classified as a skin sensitiser Cat.1A. Uncured gel on skin is the primary sensitisation route — nitrile gloves and barrier protection are essential controls.
Typical hazards: Skin sensitiser Cat.1A, Eye irritation, Aquatic hazard
Adhesive
Nail Adhesive (Cyanoacrylate)
Cyanoacrylate-based glue used for nail tip application and repairs. A respiratory sensitiser — vapour inhalation can trigger occupational asthma with repeated exposure. Good ventilation and avoidance of skin contact are critical controls.
Typical hazards: Respiratory sensitiser Cat.1, Skin/eye irritant, Bonds skin instantly
Acrylic System
Acrylic Primer (Methacrylic Acid)
Acid-based primer used to improve adhesion of acrylic product to the natural nail. Methacrylic acid is corrosive — causes skin burns and serious eye damage. One of the most hazardous substances in a nail technician's kit; requires strict PPE controls.
Typical hazards: Corrosive — Skin corrosion Cat.1A, Serious eye damage Cat.1, Flammable liquid
Nail Care
Cuticle Remover (KOH/NaOH)
Alkaline gel or liquid (potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide) used to dissolve and soften dead cuticle tissue. Corrosive at working concentrations — prolonged skin contact causes chemical burns. Must not contact eye area.
Typical hazards: Skin corrosion Cat.1, Serious eye damage Cat.1
Inhalation Hazard
Nail Dust (Acrylic / Gel Particles)
Generated during filing, shaping, and infill of acrylic and gel enhancements. Contains acrylate particles in the respirable size range. HSE identifies nail dust as requiring LEV (local exhaust ventilation) or high-filtration masks (FFP2/FFP3) as a minimum control.
Typical hazards: Inhalable and respirable dust, potential sensitiser carryover from cured acrylates
Disinfectant
Disinfectant Sprays & Wipes (QAC / IPA)
Used for tool, surface, and skin decontamination between clients. Products typically contain isopropanol (IPA), quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), or both. Each product requires its own SDS review — formulations vary significantly.
Typical hazards: Skin/eye irritation, Flammable (IPA-based products), Aquatic toxicity (QAC-based)
Solvent
Acetone-Free Remover (Ethyl Acetate)
Ethyl acetate-based alternative to acetone, used for gel and polish removal on clients who find acetone harsh. Highly flammable — DSEAR 2002 applies. WEL listed in EH40 (200 ppm TWA). Flash point is lower than acetone in some formulations.
Typical hazards: Flammable liquid Cat.2, Eye irritation, STOT SE 3 (H336)